Makassar Natural Product Journal (MNPJ)

the UJI AKTIVITAS LARVASIDA KULIT BAWANG BOMBAY (Allium sp.) TERHADAP LARVA NYAMUK Aedes Aegypti.

2024-08-19T01:50:38+00:00

ABSTRACT

An innovation is needed by using an alternative material to replace temephos as a larvicide. One of them is onion skin (Allium sp.) which can be used as a natural larvicide where the onion skin contains flavonoids, alkaloids, and steroids. The purpose of the research is to see the ekstract larvicidal activity of onion skin against Aedes aegypti mosquito larvae and also to determine the concentration in which solvent is most capable as A. aegypti larvicidal agent. This study used onion skin extract (Allium sp.) obtained in the maceration process using ethanol solvent, ethyl acetate solvent and n-hexane solvents. Onion skin extract (Allium sp.) was tested for phytochemicals using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) followed by analysis using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The research results show that the ethyl acetate extract on onion skins was most effective compared to ethanol and n-hexane solvents.

Keywords : Aedes aegypti; Onion Skins; larvicides; Solvent

ABSTRAK

Sebuah pembaruan dibutuhkan dengan membuat pengganti temefos menjadi larvasida. Salah satunya yaitu kulit bawang bombay (Allium sp.) yang bisa digunakan sebagai larvasida alami dimana pada kulit bawang bombay mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, serta steroid. Tujuan dari penelitian yaitu untuk melihat aktivitas larvasida ekstrak kulit bawang bombay terhadap larva nyamuk A.aegypti dan juga untuk menentukan konsentrasi pada pelarut mana yang paling mampu sebagai larvasida A. aegypti. Pengujian ini memakai ekstrak kulit bawang bombay (Allium sp.) yang didapatkan pada proses maserasi pakai pelarut etanol, pelarut etil asetat dan pelarut n-heksan. Ekstrak kulit bawang bombay (Allium sp.) diuji fitokimia menggunakan KLT dan di lanjutkan dengan analisis memakai uji Kruskal-wallis. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat pada kulit bawang bombay paling efektif dibandingkan dengan pelarut etanol dan n-heksan.

Kata Kunci : Aedes aegypti; Kulit Bawang Bombay; Larvasida; Pelarut

REVIEW ARTIKEL : Penggunaan Herbal Dalam Sediaan Shampo Penumbuh Rambut

2024-08-19T01:51:19+00:00

Kerontokan rambut merupakan salah satu masalah yang banyak menyebabkan gangguan pada kulit kepala dan rambut. Penyebab kerontokan rambut digolongkan menjadi endogen yaitu akibat penyakit sistematik, hormonal, status gizi, intoksikasi, maupun kelainan genetik, dan eksogen yaitu berupa stimulus dari lingkungan, maupun kosmetik rambut. Siklus pertumbuhan rambut normal terdiri dari 3 fase yaitu fase pertumbuhan (anagen), fase degenerasi (katagen), dan fase istirahat (telogen). Rambut mempunyai beberapa faktor berupa faktor genetik maupun pengaruh lingkungan yang akhirnya dapat mempengaruhi pertumbuhan rambut, sehingga rambut membutuhkan senyawa flavonoid dan saponin untuk memacu pertumbuhan rambut dan untuk meningkatkan aliran darah ke folikel rambut. Dalam review ini disajikan beberapa tanaman yang berbeda dari berbagai daerah yang berpotensi sebagai penyubur rambut.

Determination of Flavonoid Content of Ethanol Extract of Leaves and Bark of Ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh) Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry Method

2024-08-19T01:51:34+00:00

Ebony (Diospyros celebica Bakh) is a plant belonging to the Ebenaceae family which is one of the endemic plants from Sulawesi, Indonesia. Previous research has proven that ebony leaves are used as a traditional medicine to lower blood sugar levels, while the bark of ebony stems can be used as an antibacterial. Ebony leaves and bark contain secondary metabolites, namely flavonoids, alkaloids, terpenoids, steroids, tannins and saponins. This study aims to determine and determine the levels of flavonoids contained in extracts of leaves and bark of ebony stems. Flavonoid compounds have antioxidant, antibacterial, hypoallergenic, antiviral, anticancer and antidiabetic activities. The research method used to obtain the extract was the soxhletation method with 96% ethanol. The method used in the determination of flavonoid levels is using UV-Vis spectrophotometry with quercetin as a reference standard. Quercetin is a class of flavonoids belonging to the flavonol. Test results on UV-Vis Spectrophotometry with a wavelength of 430 nm, obtained flavonoid levels from ebony leaf samples, namely 7.999 mgQE/g extract, and in ebony bark, flavonoid levels obtained were 6.087 mgQE/g extract.

Aktivitas Ekstrak Daun jambu biji (psidium guajava L) sebaai antioksidan menunakan metode DPPH

2024-08-19T01:51:47+00:00

. Literature review Activity on Guava Leaf Extract (Psidium guajava L.) as an antioxidant Using to DPPH Method (Supervised by Faradiba and Aminah).

Guava leaf (Psidium guajava L.) is one of the plants having the potential as an antioxidant. Antioxidants can donate their electrons which allow to inhibit, prevent or scavenge the reactions of free radicals and oxidants. The research aimed to determine the highest antioxidant activity on guava leaf extract using different solvents based on the value of IC50 resulted from journal review of antioxidant assay on guava leaf. The research used narrative review methods, inclusion and exclusion literature consisting of national journal/International journal of ISSN standard within the last 10-year published from 2010 to 2020. Guava leaf contains antioxidant activity proven by DPPH method, added with ethanol, and methanol. The keywords used to find the results were antioxidant test, free radicals, DPPH method, guava leaves through Google search and Google Scholar. The results confirmed that guava leaf had antioxidant activity. The strongest antioxidant activity possessed by 70% ethanol extract with IC50 0,2 μg/mL. The value of IC50 lies between <10 μg/ mL categorized as the strongest one.

Toxicity Test of Dengen fruit Ethanol Extract (Dillenia serrata Thunb.) Using the BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) Method

2024-08-19T01:51:52+00:00

Dengen (Dillenia serrata Thunb.) is a plant that has various benefits. One part of the plant studied is dengen fruit. The toxic potential of dengen fruit can be known through toxicity tests. This study aims to obtain data and information on the toxicity of the fruit using the BSLT (Brine Shrimp Lethality Test) method against Artemia salina Leach larvae. The extraction method used in this study was the maceration method using 96% ethanol solvent to produce a % yield of 34.96%. The phytochemical screening test for the ethanol extract of dengen fruit was in the form of a color test which showed that the dengen fruit sample contained triterpenoid, tannin, saponin and flavonoid compounds. The toxicity test of the ethanol extract of dengen fruit used 150 Artemia salina Leach larvae which were divided into 5 concentrations (100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm and 500 ppm) and 1 comparison or control group (seawater). The extract was put into the vial and 10 larvae were added each into the vial for each concentration of the test solution and also the control, then the volume was made up to 10 ml. Observations were made by looking at the mortality of Artemia salina Leach larvae after 24 hours of treatment and then analyzing the data using probit analysis by calculating the LC50 value. The LC50 value of the ethanol extract of dengen fruit is 97.274 ppm and is included in the toxic category.

Toxicity Test of Arbenan (Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke) Leaf Ethanolic Extract Using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) Method

2024-08-19T01:52:03+00:00

Arbenan (Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke) is a plant that has various benefits. The toxic potential of arbenan leaves is known through a toxicity test using the Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT) method. The purpose of this study was to investigale the toxicity of arbenan leaves (Duchesnea indica (Jacks.) Focke) to Artemia salina Leach larvae, and to determine the LC50 value. Arbenan leaves were extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. Then a phytochemical screening was carried out which showed the chemical content in arbenan leaves, namely tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. Toxicity testing of arbenan leaf extract against Artemia salina Leach larvae used concentration variations of 250 ppm, 300 ppm, 350 ppm, and 400 ppm. Then observed after 24 hours to see the death of Artemia salina Leach larvae. The results of the research can be seen through probit analysis by calculating the LC50 value of arbenan leaf extract is 323,593 (toxic).

UJI TOKSISITAS EKSTRAK DAUN TALAS (Colocasia esculenta L.) TERHADAP LARVA UDANG (Artemia salina Leach) DENGAN METODE BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT)

2024-08-19T01:52:07+00:00

Tanaman talas mengandung beberapa komponen kimia berupa alkaloid, flavonoid, tanin, steroid dan saponin yang diduga dapat memberikan efek toksik terhadap larva udang Artemia salina. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui toksisitas ekstrak daun talas terhadap larva udang Artemia salina serta menentukan nilai LC₅₀ dengan memanfaatkan metode Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). Penelitian ini diawali dengan melakukan ekstraksi pada daun talas menggunakan metode maserasi bertingkat dengan memakai tiga macam pelarut yang berbeda tigkat kepolaran meliputi pelarut n-heksan, etil asetat dan etanol 96%. Masing-masing ekstrak kental (n-heksan, etil asetat, etanol 96%) yang dihasilkan diidentifikasi kandungan senyawanya kemudian diuji toksisitasnya menggunakan seri konsentrasi 50, 100, 250 dan 500 ppm. Setiap konsentrasi dibagi menjadi 3 replikasi (3 vial) yang dimasukkan kedalamnya 10 ekor larva Artemia salina. Setelah 24 jam, diamati dan dihitung persen kematiannya menggunakan analisis probit. Berdasarkan hasil skrining fitokimia, ekstrak daun talas mengandung senyawa alkaloid, tanin, flavonoid, steroid dan saponin. Hasil pengujian toksisitas menunjukkan nilai LC₅₀dari ekstrak daun talas sebesar 555,90 pada esktrak n-heksan, 401,79 pada ekstrak etil asetat dan 57,41 pada ekstrak etanol 96%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak daun talas bersifat toksik terhadap larva Artemia salina karena memiliki nilai LC₅₀<1000 µg/ml.

INVENTORY OF MEDICINAL PLANT FOR HYPERTENSION PATIENTS IN WATUNOHU VILLAGE, NORTH KOLAKA DISTRICT

2024-08-19T01:52:16+00:00

Indonesia is an archipelagic country which is very broad as a tropical country with very diverse plants in Indonesia. Southeast Sulawesi Province is one of the 34 provinces in Indonesia which has a high level of plant species diversity. Traditional medicine using medicinal plants is still widely used by the people of Watunohu Village, North Kolaka Regency. The purpose of this study was to find out what medicinal plants are used by the people of Watunohu Village to treat hypertension and how to present them. This study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out by observing and interviewing informants. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling. From the results of the study, it was found that 12 types of medicinal plants were used by the people of Watunohu Village to treat hypertension with the parts used, namely fruits and leaves, by serving them boiled or mashed and then drunk.

STUDI ETNOFARMASI TUMBUHAN OBAT YANG BERKHASIAT SEBAGAI ANTIHIPERTENSI DI KELURAHAN GALUNG, KECAMATAN LILIRIAJA, KABUPATEN SOPPENG

2024-08-19T01:52:20+00:00

Medicinal plants are used as an effort to maintain health and as a treatment for a disease. Hypertension is one of the highest causes of death in Indonesia. In knowing medicinal plants which are efficacious as anti-hypertensives, an ethnopharmaceutical study was carried out. Ethnopharmacy is a science that studies the use of drugs and methods of treatment by the community. Soppeng Regency consists of 8 Districts, 21 Villages and 49 Villages, one of which is Galung Village. This research was conducted to find out what plants are used by the people of Galung Village in the treatment of hypertension and how to process them. This research was conducted by surveying people who have knowledge about medicinal plants in the treatment of hypertension with a purposive sampling method. From the results of the study, it was found that 14 medicinal plants were used by the Galung Village community for the treatment of hypertension, which were presented in single or mixed forms.

INHIBISI ENZIM α-GLUKOSIDASE PADA SENYAWA TECTOQUINONE YANG DIISOLASI DARI Syzygium oblanceolatum (C.B.ROB.) MERR

2024-08-19T01:52:27+00:00

Syzygium oblanceolatum (C.B.Rob.) Merr. Has several medicinal benefits, empirically its leaf decoction has been used as an antidiabetic. Several representatives of the Syzygium genus have been proposed to possess chemical compounds, nutraceutical values, and biological activities. In particular, previous studies have emphasized the abundance of bioactive chemicals, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, and volatile compounds. Several representatives of the genus Syzygium have been proposed to possess chemical compounds, nutraceutical values, and biological activities. In particular, previous studies have emphasized the abundance of bioactive chemicals, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, and volatile compounds. The tectoquinone compound isolated from Syzygium oblanceolatum (C.B. Rob.) Merr based on its chemical structure is a substituted anthraquinone, namely 2-methylanthraquinone. This study aims to determine the Tectoquinone compound as an α-glucosidase inhibitor and determine the IC50 value of the tectoquinone compound. The method of this research was an α-glucosidase inhibition test using ELISA reader instrument by measuring the absorbance at the maximum wavelength of 405 nm using an acarbose comparator. The results of the α-glucosidase inhibition test of the akarbosa comparator had an IC50 value of 0.258 μg/mL and the IC50 value of the tectoquinone compound was 155.184 μg/mL.